美國上市公司火災

A. 上市公司火災股票停牌算利空嗎

上市公司火災屬於利空消息。
至於對該公司股票的價格造成多大的負面影響，則要看火災損失的大小、火災造成的原因等。總之，要看火災對公司今後的利潤，以及經營和管理有沒有根本的影響。
如果損失較小，對公司的運作沒有太大影響，這種利空消息的影響可以忽略不計的。

B. 疫情泛濫的美國，為何會燃起了大火

在8月份的時候，美國加州不斷持續的遭受了雷擊，因此也導致他們這個地區有很多的地方因為雷擊發生了火災。但是那次的火災也是有很多地方都起了，美國因此很多人員都來不及調配開。所以很多地方的山火都沒有辦法被很好地有效控制住，後來越燒越嚴重，他們國家現在已經很多地方已經起了很大的火。

美國剛開始的疫情出現的時候，他們並沒有當做一回事，所以導致後來疫情越來越嚴重，他們國家依然沒有拿出有效的治療方法和方式。他們因為要自由不想去戴口罩，因此也舉辦了很多的遊行示威活動。後來他們國家就因為這個疫情就變得更加的嚴重，還有很多的人因為這個疫情而喪失了自己的生命。

雖然說這場火災，他們國家很多人員不得不安排人員進行撤離，但是人員集中起來，在一個地方就會使得疫情傳染的更加嚴重。這也使得他們國家的一些工作人員更加的難以想辦法解決，這些事情給他們的工作開展帶來了很大的難度。

C. 關於1911年美國三角工廠火災的問題（需要英文回答）。

1. The growth of the shirtwaist instry jumped significantly in the first decade of the twentieth century. Who provided the labor supply for the proction of shirtwaists? What kind of training did the workers receive? How did the instry's seasonality affect these workers and their wages. Cite examples.

In the mid-19th century, e to the famine and the war, a large number of immigrants from Europe and Asia poured into the United States. These new immigrants were complete strangers here and have no skills, because most of them were farmers and artisans before. In order to feed their families, they were forced to working in the factories which have bad working conditions.. Because of the life pressure, women had to go out to work, make money supplement their family incomes. However, e to language barriers, low levels of ecation, their job opportunities were limited, the majority of women going out to worked in the clothing factories or to be maids. As the book 「The Triangle Fire」 mentioned, 「Blank and Harris preferred to hire immigrant women, who would work for less pay than men and who, the owners claimed, were less susceptible to labor organization.」 (pg2) So I think the workers received the training of working a long time and their professional skills. And even 「ring the eight months of the peak proction season」, they were working on Sundays as well but without increase the wage. 「When the season was on,」 Newman explained, 「we worked till 9 o』clock,」 but with 「no overtime pay.」 A sign above the elevator read 「If You Don』t Come In On Sunday, Don』t Come In On Monday.」 Wages were so low that the seasonality of the instry imposed special hardship one the workers and their families ring slack times. (pg8)
2. Why did the Progressive reformers target the garment instry for their reform efforts? What kinds of reform did they seek to achieve? Cite examples.

Because 「sweatshops in the garment instry forced workers to labor in squalid conditions-tiny rooms that were hot in summer and cold in winter and were always noisy, dimly lit, and filled with stoves, irons, sewing machines, and pressing boards.」(pg2) And unfortunately, the workers need working in that bad environment for a long time. So the reformers aimed to decrease the working time and increase the wage of garment instry workers. And also, they help workers organized in powerful unions, that made them would be more conscious of their rights and better able to obtain safe working conditions. 「Frustrated and saddened by what they regarded as legal injustice, workers and reformers were more successful in their efforts to make factories safer.」 (pg30)

3. What was the reaction to the Triangle fire in the city, the state, and the nation? Why did many observers link the fire with the earlier strike against the Triangle factory? How did the ILGWU and the WTUL respond to the tragedy? How did the workers respond? Cite examples.

After the happening of the Triangle fire, all the people in New York City were immersed in a sorrowful atmosphere, also 「the tragedy had strained every municipal resource—doctors, nurses, police, and firefighters were all called into action」 (pg21). The whole city, even the whole state and the nation, was shocked by the tragedy. They were aware of the importance of the problem, many observers link the fire with the earlier strike against the Triangle factory, because they 「remembered their great strike of last year, in which these girls demanded more sanitary workrooms, and more safety precautions in the shops. These dead bodies told the results」(pg25). But unfortunately, the girls did not get their right after the strike, and that is the direct reason of the tragedy. 「The ILGWU and WTUL draped the union hall with black sashes, listed the names of the dead, and called for punishment of the guilty」(pg27). They were trying to find out who is responsible for this tragedy and do their best to protect the rights of the workers. And the workers felt very sad and indignant, but they did not do the strike, because they did not have to, the city will solve it.

4. The Triangle fire raised critical questions about the regulatory role of government in society, especially pointing to the issues of worker safety and management rights. What were these questions and how did workers, reformers and civil and business leaders respond to them? Cite examples.

After 1910 workers』 strike, all sectors of the community still did not solve the issues of worker safety and management right. The workers worded in dingy workrooms, and the places were not safe, and they worked for a long time, but receive very low wage. Nobody paid attention on these cheap labors. But the tragedy awakens the conscience of the society. 「The reform movement began with the establishment of the Factory Investigating Commission (FIC) by Governor Dix on June 30, 1911.」 (pg31) 「The New York state legislature passed comprehensive legislation regulating instrial work」 and set a lot of new laws to 「reorganized the state』s department of labor, creating a more powerful instrial board to oversee working conditions.」 And the business leaders 「denounced the flurry of legislation as an 『outcropping of hysteria』 and claimed that they had been 『paralyzed by an avalanche of so-called remedial laws,』 but New York had emerged as one of the most progressive states in the nation.」 (pg32)
5. The Triangle fire proced immediate and significant change. Assess the consequences of the fire for the Progressive Era, especially the impact on women and factory work. Why do you think the Triangle fire has been called the "fire that changed America"? Cite examples.

The Triangle factory fire is a tragedy that 「transformed politics and the law」 (pg32). The fire awakened the conscience of New York, also shocked the entire United States, and triggered a series of social reforms. To 1914, New York State passed a total of 34 laws to improve workers' working conditions and labor safety. The adoption of these laws was seen as the most important results in 「progressive era」. The fire 「had been a searing torch of destruction, but from the 『ashes of the tragedy』 emerged needed reforms that transformed American instrial life.」 (pg33) And in my opinion, 「transformed American instrial life」 is the reason why the fire that changed America.