⑴ 求论文"中小企业融资困境及解决对策"的外文参考文献和中文翻译一篇
http://wenku..com/view/aa2b20eab8f67c1cfad6b8c7.html
看看这个咋样
⑵ 急急急！！！！！！跪求有关中小企业融资问题的外文文献翻译 要求有作者和文章来源 不少于25000字节。
外文文献翻译成中文1000字左右）： 【主要阅读文献不少于5篇，译文后附注文献信息，包括：作者、书名（或论文题目）、出 版 社（或刊物名称）、出版时间（或刊号）、页码。提供所译外文资料附件（印刷类含封面、封底、目录、翻译部分的复印件等，网站类的请附网址及原文】 中小企业融资的创新 中小企业融资的文件 尽管政府、银行和各金融机构采取了一系列的措施，中小企业仍面临着一些挑战，这是具有普遍性的。这些问题涉及到抵押问题，贷款难，拖延应收款，技术过时，营销道路不畅等。印度为了解决上述的问题，采取了一些新的融资工具并创建了新的融资体制。这些措施包括： 1. 小型工业的信用保证基金信托 印度政府与印度小企业发展银行，已成立了一个小型工业信用保证基金信托（ CGTSI ）实施保障计划。主体信托拟加强从目前的7亿到25亿美元。其主要目的是促进信用较低的小型企业的融资，鼓励银行向值得贷款的企业免除抵押方式的贷款。在过去三年间，有资格的小型工业的贷款约2.5万被纳入该计划之中且CGTSI担保贷款的信用机构的会员迄今已扩大到约18,000名，涉及的贷款额约3亿美元。CGTSI考虑今年把他们的业务增至与去年相比的三倍。一些新的信用保证制度，如相互信贷保证计划等类似的计划在意大利和欧洲其他国家也正在制订中。 2. 风险分担机制 虽然CGTSI延伸保证支付的贷款高达2.5万美元，但有需要提供担保的银行贷款超过上述限额。根据世界银行牵头筹资问题和发展中小企业的计划，有可能为中小企业引入的风险分担机制正在研究中。主理银行和独立机构之间将按同样的比例共同承担银行向中小企业贷款的风险。当然，该机制将按成本获得收益。这一机制到时候，将减轻银行的信贷风险和高级中小企业的资金问题。 3. 创业资金 关于新的资金来源，许多国家正在考虑放宽有关风险资本投资的规则。在印度也已经采取了各种措施这个方向发展。印度小企业发展银行以及其他一些机构在该国已经带头采取了促进风险投资。根据资料显示该银行已设立了16个国家一级/区域一级的资金，为软件和IT业设立了约1亿美元的国家基金，近来还新建立了约1亿美元的中小企业发展基金。该基金将致力于医药，生物技术，轻工程，软件和其他领域。中小企业发展基金预期将增至5亿美元。 4. 小额贷款 实现潜在的小额贷款将促进经济的增长，印度小企业发展银行一直把重点放在增加有能力的部门来处理信贷和小额贷款的支出的增加。印度小企业发展银行基金会的小额贷款运作部门，在2004年里已累计批准了710万美元的财政援助。根据该方案，过去4年累计援助的受益人超过100万，其中大部分是妇女。对于未解决的投资方案，有可能从2004年3月底910万美元增至今年年底的2亿美元。 5. 中小企业基金 印度政府和印度小企业发展银行最重要的部门之间所采取的行动是建立100亿美元的中小企业基金，以期推动资金流向中小企业。印度小企业发展银行经过仔细考虑，设立基金和开展其业务从2004年4月开始生效。按照规定，基金援助提供给利率在银行PLR基准点200以下的中小企业。通过中小企业发展银行办公厅向中小 企业提供的直接援助正在扩大，主要的贷款机构也提供9.5%利率的再融资。SFCs可可获得7.5%~8%利率的再融资的收益。除了SFCs外，通过商业银行，中小企业基金提供的援助用于路由。该基金的流动除了提升对中小企业的援助，还解决了跨部门的贷款费用问题。 6. 为中小企业设立一个专门的信用评级机构 为了解决信贷需求方面的问题，主动采取行动以支持机制的信息共享和信用评级。为了加强信贷信息和便于银行进行信贷决策，印度小企业发展银行已决定推出一个专门为中小企业的信用评级协会与公共部门银行。银行可以选择与公共部门的银行和信贷评级机构交流信息，本年度该机构就有可能开展业务。 7. 资产证券化 为了扩大中小企业的援助范围，资产证券化进程提供由发起人和channelise资金的载体购买中小企业的投资组合的机会。这样的组合可以被购买方保留，也可以根据资本市场的变动被出售给投资者。印度小企业发展银行最近已获准由印度政府开展的业务，进行资产证券化。
⑶ 求中小企业融资问题的参考文献，要2007年以后的！
[1]林毅夫、李季军:中小金融机构发展与中小企业融资[J]．经济研究,2007（1）
[2]李东艳:关于中小企业融资难问题的探讨[J].北方经济,2008（11）
[3]李璞:中小企业融资困难成因与对策[J].国际商务财会,2008（8）
[4]连平:如何解决中小企业融资难[N].第一财经日报,2008,7,23
[5]邓聿文:中小企业的冬天来了吗[N].上海证券报,2008,8,8
[6]王禧扬、赵明星：中小企业融资方式研究[J].经济论坛,2009(1)
[7]林毅夫：建立信用体系解决中小企业融资难[J].世界商业评论，2008(12)
[8]邓华光：中小企业融资难困局求解[J].中南论丛，2007（1）
[9]纪敏：我国中小企业融资与金融体系完善[J].[现代经济学前沿专题，2007（3）
[10]刘颖：关于中小企业融资问题的探讨[J].武汉大学学报(社会科学版)，2010（3）
[11]张建营：中小企业融资实战[J].中国工商联合出版社，2007（5）
⑷ 急求有关中小企业融资问题的外文文献
提供一些有关中小企业融资问题的外文文献，供写作参考。
[1] Allen N Berger, Gregory F Udell. The Economics of Small Business Finance:The Role of Private Equity and Debt Markets in Financial Growth Cycle .Journal of Banking and Finance, 1998, (22) .
[2] Modigliani, F, and Miller, M. h. The cost of capital, corporate finance and the theory of investment .American Economic Review, 1958, (6) :261-297 .
[3] Mallick, R,&Chakrabotty, A. Credit gap in small business: Some New Evidence[J] .Working Paper from Econpapers. 2002, .
[4] OECD. A Framework for the Development and Financing of Dynamic Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Turkey .2005,7, (7) .
[5] Peterson, M,Rajan, R.G. The Benefits of firmcreditor relationship: Evidence from small business data .Journal of Finance, 1994, (49) :3-37 .
[6] SBA. White Paper of Small Business Administration(1998-2000) .the US Government Printing Office, .
[7] Kane,E.J. Accelerating inflation,technological innovation,and the decreasing effectiveness of banking regulation .The Journal of Finance36,355-367. 1981, .
[8] Goss D. Small Business and Society .Routledge. 1991, .
[9] Samuelson L. Evolutionary Games and Equilibrium Selec-tion[M] .1997, .
⑸ 急求关于中小企业融资问题的英文文献
Small Business Loan 101
Essentials of Small Business Loan
From Naurys Marte, for About.com
As a small business owner, your most difficult task is finding the money to operate your business. Taking the necessary steps to prepare for a small business loan can minimize the difficulty. Learn what you need to know to clinch the loan deal.
Banks and other lending institutions cite risk factors as their main reason for turning down small business loan requests from startup businesses. Yet, you can still get a loan for your business by proper preparation.
Avoid the common error of thinking you can start with grants from the government and community agencies. It is even more unlikely than getting the money from your own savings, family, friends, or a bank.
The main requirements of attaining a small business loan are your personal credit history, business plan, experience, ecation, and feasibility of the business you are starting or expanding.
The most important task to obtain a small business loan is preparing a business plan. The business plan needs to show the lender that providing you with a small business loan is a low-risk proposition. Your business plan must answer the questions a lending institution would ask. These questions usually are:
How much money do you need?
If you are starting a business, this should be included at least in the start-up capital estimate. Accuracy is important, so request enough money to invest wisely.
What are you going to do with the money?
You will have to provide, in detail, the designated use of every dollar requested. A small business loan is often needed for: operations (new employees, marketing, etc.), assets (equipment, real estate, etc.), or to pay off business debts.
When will you repay the small business loan?
Explain in detail how this small business loan will serve as a stepping-stone for your business. You will need to convince the lender (with your financial statements and cash flow projections) that you are able to repay the loan through the expected long-term profitability of your business.
What will you do if you don't get the loan?
Let lenders know that rejection will not discourage you from starting or growing your business. You want to portray a confident and determined personality and you will try lender after lender until you receive the money you need to get your business moving.
As a small business owner, you will need a certain degree of fortitude. Be confident and proud of your venture. Let lenders know you are in control and know what's best for you and your business. Understand that lending institutions need to make loans. But if you don't get one, don't get discouraged. Ask the lender why you didn't get the small business loan. Learn from the answer, move on, and try other lenders.
The Women's Venture Fund is a resource for women in business who need money and training to expand their venture for New York or New Jersey businesses. To learn more about the Women's Venture Fund call 212-563-0499 or visit www.womensventurefund.org.
Small Business Loan Resources
Getting a Small Business LoanSmall Business Banking 101New Rules of Small Business Financing
Small Business Information Resources
Email Guide: Darrell ZahorskyArticles Reprint PermissionSubmit Articles to Small Business
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* Getting A Small Business Loan - Making A Winning Business Loan Presentation
* How To Get A Small Business Loan
* Get a Business Loan - How to Apply for a Small Business Loan
* Before You Apply for a Business Loan
* Business Loans - Preparation for Application for Business Loans
⑹ 中小企业融资现状及其原因分析的参考文献有哪些
李波：OFⅡ在中国证券市场上的投资货币分析，市场与发展，2003年第3期
[2] 邹传太：债转股的财务效益浅析，经济与管理，2003年第1期
[3] 朱邦富：企业间债转股，企业管理，2002年第5期
[4] 肖霞，民营科技企业发展中的融资分析，市场与发展，2003年第2期
[5] 李树丞，刘长庚，楚尔鸣等：中国民营高科技企业发展研究报告，经济科学出版社
[6] 康成杰，柴靖静：优化个体私营经济发展法制环境的对策和建设，经济与管理，2003年第1期
[7] 邓红征，周长信：中小企业融资效率的模糊综合评价，企业经济，2003年第2期
[8] 欧江波，欧群芳：美国对小企业的财政金融支持及其启示，企业经济，2003年第1期
[9] 邓向荣，于中鹏：民营企业股权优化与稳定机制研究，现代经济探讨，2003年第3期
[10]王婷：中小企业融资问题探讨，企业经济，2003年第2期
[11]曾爱青，刘智勇：多方努力共同营造中小民企融资多赢格局，企业经济，2003年第1期
[12]肖侠：求解我国中小企业融资难的整合创新，企业经济，2003年第3期
[13]花爱梅：信用管理：现代企业管理的新课题，企业经济，2003年第2期
[14]张青美，施林琳，李红：中国民营企业融资问题的思考，企业经济，2003年第2期
[15]张荇，陈永志：大力发展融资租赁业改善中小企业融资困境，经济与管理，2003年第3期
[16]冯雪飞，王竞天，韩俊：中小企业创新与融资，上海财经大学出版社
[17]方利胜，狄娜：中小企业信用担保，上海财经大学出版社
[18]锁箭：中小企业发展的国际比较，中国社会科学出版社
[19]林祖基，邵汉青：资本市场融资与运作，海天出版社
[20]陈晓红，杨艳军：二板上市之路，湖南人民出版社
⑺ 关于 中小企业融资难相关 的 外文著作或者文献。。
SME financing in the UK and inChina: a comparative perspective
作者Javed Hussain, Cindy Millman and Harry Matlay UCE Business School, Birmingham, UK
我也是今年的毕业生 我觉得这个还可以 你要看的话 可以把他全选中 用有道词典翻译下 节选就可以了
⑻ 关于中小企业融资的外文文献近五年的 急急急，求大神帮忙 带中文翻译 跪求大神
外文文献有，但翻译没有，翻译得靠你自己了，如果需要可以回复即可，希望能满足你的需要，能帮到你，多多给点悬赏分吧，急用的话请多选赏点分吧，这样更多的知友才会及时帮到你，我找到也是很花时间的
⑼ 急求关于中小企业融资的外文参考文献
研究中小企业融资要参考的英文文献
英文图书和期刊类文献：
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