㈠ 高科技产业融资的英文论文
学会使用文献数据库
上 www.sciencedirect.com 搜索
㈡ 企业融资外文文献以及翻译
[1] Perotti, E. Vesnaver, L. Enterprise finance and investment in listed Hungarian firms[J]. Journal of Comparative Economics, 2004, 32(1): 73-87.
[2] Chen, G. Cole, J. The myths, facts, and theories of ethnic, small-scale enterprise financing[J]. The Review of Black Political Economy, 1988, 16(4): 111-123.
如果需要全文可以发邮件到qingshuixiaobing@126.com
另本人利用业余时间在网络知道里免费给网友查专业文献，纯属业余爱好，发的文献无存稿，请无关人员勿骚扰。
㈢ 急！中小企业融资的英文文献和翻译
除了下面给出的，你也可以看看我给其他人的回答
http://..com/question/98953036.html
Commercial Financing Solutions - Think Outside The Bank
July,2007 by Stephen Bush
Commercial financing borrowers are likely to feel that a traditional bank is their best source for business financing. However, because most traditional banks focus on a small number of established instries, non-traditional (non-bank) and non-local commercial lenders should be considered for most commercial financing situations. Therefore the recommended commercial financing strategy (as discussed in this article) is to Think Outside the Bank”.
There are several commercial financing situations in which commercial borrowers will frequently find that non-traditional commercial lenders are better positioned to provide terms that are more advantageous to the commercial borrower: (1) Business cash advance and credit card factoring programs; (2) commercial mortgage loans; and (3) credit card processing programs. In some cases a traditional bank will offer to provide commercial financing but will attach excessively stringent terms and covenants. In other cases a traditional bank will decline the commercial financing outright, perhaps because they do not even provide business financing to the commercial borrower’s particular instry. In either case, the commercial borrower is likely to benefit by Thinking Outside the Bank”.
As I noted in an earlier commercial financing article, in many non-competitive business financing situations it is not unusual for a local traditional bank to impose harsher commercial financing terms than would typically be seen in a more competitive business financing market. Such traditional banks routinely take advantage of a relative lack of other commercial lenders in their local market. An appropriate response by commercial borrowers is to seek out non-bank commercial financing options. It is neither necessary nor wise for commercial borrowers to depend only upon local traditional banks for commercial financing solutions. For most commercial financing situations, a non-local and non-bank commercial lender is likely to provide improved business financing terms because they are accustomed to competing aggressively with other commercial lenders.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE ONE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Business Cash Advance and Credit Card Receivables Programs
Most businesses that accept credit cards in their business will qualify for a business cash advance with their credit card receivables. Traditional banks will typically be very poor candidates to consider if a business needs assistance with credit card factoring and business cash advances. Because even thriving businesses frequently need more cash than they can borrow from a bank, it can be of critical importance for a business to Think Outside the Bank” and locate non-traditional lenders to assist with this commercial financing need.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE TWO - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Commercial Mortgage Loans
Two of the most common commercial financing difficulties experienced by commercial borrowers can be avoided if they Think Outside the Bank”. The first commercial financing situation is the prevailing practice of traditional banks to avoid most special purpose properties (such as funeral homes and churches). The second commercial financing situation is the typical practice of most commercial banks to attach balloon and/or recall provisions to their commercial loans (which means that the bank can require early repayment of the commercial loan under various conditions). Both of these undesirable commercial financing situations can usually and easily be avoided by considering a non-traditional and non-bank lender.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE THREE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Credit Card Processing Programs
The choice of an appropriate credit card processing service can be instrumental in improving the profitability of businesses with a high volume of credit card activity. The analysis of credit card processing providers can be effectively combined with the credit card factoring and credit card receivables process described above. In assessing a business cash advance program, it is frequently possible to simultaneously arrange for a substantial improvement in the merchant’s credit card processing program. Because traditional banks are usually not competitive in providing assistance with credit card factoring, it is equally likely that a non-traditional lender will be the primary source of effective and competitive help with credit card processing.
A closing commercial financing thought: I have written an earlier commercial financing article about commercial lenders to avoid. It should be noted that there are in fact both traditional and non-traditional (non-bank) lenders which should be avoided. So when commercial borrowers Think Outside the Bank”, it is still of critical importance that they are prepared to avoid a wide variety of problematic non-traditional commercial lenders in their search for viable commercial financing, especially when it involves business cash advance (credit card receivables and credit card factoring) programs, credit card processing services and commercial real estate financing.
商业融资解决方案-比如银行外
2007年7月由Stephen布什
商业融资的借款人可能会认为，传统的银行是他们的最佳来源的商业融资。然而，由于大多数传统银行侧重于少数设立工业，非传统（非银行）和非本地商业银行应考虑大多数商业融资的情况。因此，建议商业融资战略（如本文中讨论）是跳出本行“ 。
有几个商业融资情况下，商业借款人常常发现，非传统的商业银行将能够更好地提供的条件更有利的商业借款人： （ 1 ）商业透支现金和信用卡保理业务程序; （ 2 ）商业按揭贷款;和（ 3 ）信用卡处理程序。在某些情况下，传统的银行将提供商业融资，但附加条件过于严格和盟约。在其他情况下，传统的银行将下降彻底的商业融资，这可能是因为他们甚至不提供商业融资，商业借款人的特定行业。在这两种情况下，商业借款人可能会受益于银行外思考“ 。
正如我在较早的商业融资的文章，在许多非竞争企业融资情况下，它并没有什么不寻常的地方传统的银行实行更加严厉的商业融资条件比通常被视为在一个更具竞争力的企业融资市场。这种传统的银行通常利用相对缺乏其他商业银行在其当地市场。作出适当的反应是由商业借款人寻求非银行的商业融资方案。这是既无必要，也明智的商业借款取决于只有在当地传统的商业银行融资解决方案。对于大多数商业融资的情况下，非本地和非银行的商业银行有可能提供更好的企业融资条件，因为他们所熟悉的竞争积极与其他商业银行。
商业融资比如-比如银行外
企业现金和信用卡应收帐款程序
大多数企业认为接受信用卡将在其业务资格的商业现金透支的信用卡应收款。传统的银行通常会是非常贫穷的候选人，以考虑是否需要援助业务与保理业务和信用卡业务现金垫款。因为即使是蓬勃发展的企业往往需要更多的现金，他们可以比银行贷款，它可以是极其重要的商业银行外的思考“ ，并找到非传统的贷款，以协助这个商业融资的需要。
商业融资两名-比如银行外
商业按揭贷款
两个最常见的商业融资遇到困难的商业贷款，可避免如果他们认为银行外“ 。第一商业融资情况是普遍存在的做法，传统的银行，以避免最特殊用途性质（如殡仪馆和教堂） 。第二商业融资的情况是典型的做法，大多数商业银行的重视气球和/或召回规定的商业贷款（这意味着银行可以要求提前偿还的商业贷款不同条件下） 。这两种不良商业融资的情况，通常可以很容易地避免和审议了非传统和非银行贷款。
商业融资例3 -比如银行外
信用卡处理程序
选择一个适当的信用卡处理服务，可有助于改善企业的盈利与大量的信用卡活动。分析信用卡处理供应商，才能有效地结合信用卡保理业务和信用卡应收款上述进程。在评估企业现金透支程序时，它常常是有可能同时安排大大提高商家的信用卡处理程序。由于传统的银行通常是没有竞争力，在提供援助信用卡保理业务中，也同样可能是一个非传统的贷款将是主要来源的有效和有竞争力的帮助，信用卡处理。
闭幕商业融资认为：我已经写的早期商业融资文章商业银行，以避免。应当指出的是，事实上，传统和非传统（非银行）贷款，应加以避免。因此，当借款人跳出商业银行“ ，它仍然是至关重要的，它们准备，以避免各种问题的非传统的商业银行在寻求可行的商业融资，尤其是当它涉及业务现金透支（信用卡应收款和信用卡保理）程序，信用卡处理服务和商业房地产融资。
㈣ 急求关于中小企业融资问题的英文文献
Commercial Financing Solutions - Think Outside The Bank
July,2007 by Stephen Bush
Commercial financing borrowers are likely to feel that a traditional bank is their best source for business financing. However, because most traditional banks focus on a small number of established instries, non-traditional (non-bank) and non-local commercial lenders should be considered for most commercial financing situations. Therefore the recommended commercial financing strategy (as discussed in this article) is to Think Outside the Bank”.
There are several commercial financing situations in which commercial borrowers will frequently find that non-traditional commercial lenders are better positioned to provide terms that are more advantageous to the commercial borrower: (1) Business cash advance and credit card factoring programs; (2) commercial mortgage loans; and (3) credit card processing programs. In some cases a traditional bank will offer to provide commercial financing but will attach excessively stringent terms and covenants. In other cases a traditional bank will decline the commercial financing outright, perhaps because they do not even provide business financing to the commercial borrower’s particular instry. In either case, the commercial borrower is likely to benefit by Thinking Outside the Bank”.
As I noted in an earlier commercial financing article, in many non-competitive business financing situations it is not unusual for a local traditional bank to impose harsher commercial financing terms than would typically be seen in a more competitive business financing market. Such traditional banks routinely take advantage of a relative lack of other commercial lenders in their local market. An appropriate response by commercial borrowers is to seek out non-bank commercial financing options. It is neither necessary nor wise for commercial borrowers to depend only upon local traditional banks for commercial financing solutions. For most commercial financing situations, a non-local and non-bank commercial lender is likely to provide improved business financing terms because they are accustomed to competing aggressively with other commercial lenders.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE ONE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Business Cash Advance and Credit Card Receivables Programs
Most businesses that accept credit cards in their business will qualify for a business cash advance with their credit card receivables. Traditional banks will typically be very poor candidates to consider if a business needs assistance with credit card factoring and business cash advances. Because even thriving businesses frequently need more cash than they can borrow from a bank, it can be of critical importance for a business to Think Outside the Bank” and locate non-traditional lenders to assist with this commercial financing need.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE TWO - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Commercial Mortgage Loans
Two of the most common commercial financing difficulties experienced by commercial borrowers can be avoided if they Think Outside the Bank”. The first commercial financing situation is the prevailing practice of traditional banks to avoid most special purpose properties (such as funeral homes and churches). The second commercial financing situation is the typical practice of most commercial banks to attach balloon and/or recall provisions to their commercial loans (which means that the bank can require early repayment of the commercial loan under various conditions). Both of these undesirable commercial financing situations can usually and easily be avoided by considering a non-traditional and non-bank lender.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE THREE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Credit Card Processing Programs
The choice of an appropriate credit card processing service can be instrumental in improving the profitability of businesses with a high volume of credit card activity. The analysis of credit card processing providers can be effectively combined with the credit card factoring and credit card receivables process described above. In assessing a business cash advance program, it is frequently possible to simultaneously arrange for a substantial improvement in the merchant’s credit card processing program. Because traditional banks are usually not competitive in providing assistance with credit card factoring, it is equally likely that a non-traditional lender will be the primary source of effective and competitive help with credit card processing.
A closing commercial financing thought: I have written an earlier commercial financing article about commercial lenders to avoid. It should be noted that there are in fact both traditional and non-traditional (non-bank) lenders which should be avoided. So when commercial borrowers Think Outside the Bank”, it is still of critical importance that they are prepared to avoid a wide variety of problematic non-traditional commercial lenders in their search for viable commercial financing, especially when it involves business cash advance (credit card receivables and credit card factoring) programs, credit card processing services and commercial real estate financing.
㈤ 融资的定义是什么
1，融资：是指为支付超过现金的购货款而采取的货币交易手段，或为取版得资产而集资权所采取的货币手段。
2，从狭义上讲，融资：即是一个企业的资金筹集的行为与过程，也就是说公司根据自身的生产经营状况、资金拥有的状况，以及公司未来经营发展的需要，通过科学的预测和决策，采用一定的方式，从一定的渠道向公司的投资者和债权人去筹集资金，组织资金的供应，以保证公司正常生产需要，经营管理活动需要的理财行为。
3，从广义上讲，融资也叫金融：就是货币资金的融通，当事人通过各种方式到金融市场上筹措或贷放资金的行为。从现代经济发展的状况看，作为企业需要比以往任何时候都更加深刻，全面地了解金融知识、了解金融机构、了解金融市场，因为企业的发展离不开金融的支持，企业必须与之打交道。
㈥ 有没有好心人士，英文高手，帮我翻译一下啊，论文论文，头疼头疼
手工翻译，可能有小错。
===============================================
Recent years in China, small and medium enterprises have developed rapidly. They have played a very important role that can not be ignored in the increasing of employment, the promoting of scientific and technological grogress, the moving in social division of labor, the increasing of exports , the maintainess of social and economic stable development and so as in many other areas. And they have become an important pillar of national economic development. However, the financing funds that SMEs are able to access to is extremely incompatible to their status or role in their economic and social development supporting, which as a result, lead SMEs to a financial predicament in their development. And financing problem has become an important constraint factor and a serious impediment to SMEs' rapid development. Therefore, the analysis of the financing difficulties SMEs facing and its causes and the discussion on the solutions will have great theoretical and practical significance.
This paper first introces the research background, research literature review, research significance and the main content.Followed with definitions of some related concepts in the paper, including the definition of SMEs and the definition of enterprise financing, methods and channels.Then gives a theoretical analysis to the plight of SMEs' financing. Based on which, gives the financing situation of SMEs and found that they are facing a multi-dimensional financing difficulty. With the detailed analysis of the financial difficulties, we can find that the financial difficulties that SMEs in China facing mainly caused by the following aspects: First, barriers to SMEs themselves; Second, the current financial system barriers; Third, capital market's imperfections.Last, put forward an effective suggestion to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs based on the analysis of the reasons to financing difficulties.
【Key Words】SME/financing difficulties/financial innovation/solution
===============================================
手工翻译，可能有小错。一楼一看就是谷歌翻译的！
㈦ 求 关于 融资 方面的国外论文参考文献三个，必须是英文的，题目-作者-年份。
33.MAHE L P．Environment and Quality Standards in WTO New Protectionism in Agricultural Trade A European Perspective[R]．
Edinburgh：Eight Annua1．Congress of European Agricultural Economists， 1996：36～42
34.LIDDLE B．Free trade and the environment—development system[J]．Ecol Econ，2001，39：21～36
㈧ 求中小企业融资难英文论文,并翻译成5000字的中文
你好，还有那个融资的外文和翻译么
㈨ 求一篇与中小企业融资有关的英文原文，并翻译成中文，要求翻译成中文后有3000字以上。本科毕业论文用，急！
Abstract: SMEs in a country's economy to play the role of irreplaceability, but its further development is restricted by many factors, the most prominent of these factors in the performance of the financing it has become difficult to control the development of the "bottleneck" , In order to solve the problem of financing, we must first of the status of financing, the paper tried to SMEs on their own status, financing environment, the major difficulties facing such areas to explore, from improving the financing of SMEs in China's laws and regulations, the state-owned Commercial banking reform, the establishment of specialized credit institutions, and other aspects of small and medium enterprises on China's SME financing problems for discussion.
㈩ 求一篇3000字左右的关于融资方面的英文文章
Commercial Financing Solutions - Think Outside The Bank
July,2007 by Stephen Bush
Commercial financing borrowers are likely to feel that a traditional bank is their best source for business financing. However, because most traditional banks focus on a small number of established instries, non-traditional (non-bank) and non-local commercial lenders should be considered for most commercial financing situations. Therefore the recommended commercial financing strategy (as discussed in this article) is to Think Outside the Bank”.
There are several commercial financing situations in which commercial borrowers will frequently find that non-traditional commercial lenders are better positioned to provide terms that are more advantageous to the commercial borrower: (1) Business cash advance and credit card factoring programs; (2) commercial mortgage loans; and (3) credit card processing programs. In some cases a traditional bank will offer to provide commercial financing but will attach excessively stringent terms and covenants. In other cases a traditional bank will decline the commercial financing outright, perhaps because they do not even provide business financing to the commercial borrower’s particular instry. In either case, the commercial borrower is likely to benefit by Thinking Outside the Bank”.
As I noted in an earlier commercial financing article, in many non-competitive business financing situations it is not unusual for a local traditional bank to impose harsher commercial financing terms than would typically be seen in a more competitive business financing market. Such traditional banks routinely take advantage of a relative lack of other commercial lenders in their local market. An appropriate response by commercial borrowers is to seek out non-bank commercial financing options. It is neither necessary nor wise for commercial borrowers to depend only upon local traditional banks for commercial financing solutions. For most commercial financing situations, a non-local and non-bank commercial lender is likely to provide improved business financing terms because they are accustomed to competing aggressively with other commercial lenders.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE ONE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Business Cash Advance and Credit Card Receivables Programs
Most businesses that accept credit cards in their business will qualify for a business cash advance with their credit card receivables. Traditional banks will typically be very poor candidates to consider if a business needs assistance with credit card factoring and business cash advances. Because even thriving businesses frequently need more cash than they can borrow from a bank, it can be of critical importance for a business to Think Outside the Bank” and locate non-traditional lenders to assist with this commercial financing need.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE TWO - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Commercial Mortgage Loans
Two of the most common commercial financing difficulties experienced by commercial borrowers can be avoided if they Think Outside the Bank”. The first commercial financing situation is the prevailing practice of traditional banks to avoid most special purpose properties (such as funeral homes and churches). The second commercial financing situation is the typical practice of most commercial banks to attach balloon and/or recall provisions to their commercial loans (which means that the bank can require early repayment of the commercial loan under various conditions). Both of these undesirable commercial financing situations can usually and easily be avoided by considering a non-traditional and non-bank lender.
COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE THREE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK
Credit Card Processing Programs
The choice of an appropriate credit card processing service can be instrumental in improving the profitability of businesses with a high volume of credit card activity. The analysis of credit card processing providers can be effectively combined with the credit card factoring and credit card receivables process described above. In assessing a business cash advance program, it is frequently possible to simultaneously arrange for a substantial improvement in the merchant’s credit card processing program. Because traditional banks are usually not competitive in providing assistance with credit card factoring, it is equally likely that a non-traditional lender will be the primary source of effective and competitive help with credit card processing.
A closing commercial financing thought: I have written an earlier commercial financing article about commercial lenders to avoid. It should be noted that there are in fact both traditional and non-traditional (non-bank) lenders which should be avoided. So when commercial borrowers Think Outside the Bank”, it is still of critical importance that they are prepared to avoid a wide variety of problematic non-traditional commercial lenders in their search for viable commercial financing, especially when it involves business cash advance (credit card receivables and credit card factoring) programs, credit card processing services and commercial real estate financing.